مراجعة الفصل الثالث تاريخ | القيصر محمد طلبه| الصف الثالث الثانوي 2025

Discusses the financial crisis and borrowing issues during the reign of an individual named Sa'id and Isma'il in Egypt, highlighting the impact of European relations on the crisis.

Explains how borrowing by Isma'il led to financial crisis, involvement with European nations, and the ultimate occupation of Egypt.

Explores how Isma'il's expansion in Africa led to European intervention due to financial struggles, drawing attention to the European control through financial mechanisms like the Debt Tribunal.

Discusses the formation of European committees like the European Investigation Committee and the implications of financial control and interference in Egypt's affairs.

Highlights the European influence on Egypt's financial matters, including the establishment of the Debt Tribunal and the impact of foreign interference on Egypt's sovereignty.

Discusses Egypt's isolation due to financial debts and the involvement of England and France in pressuring Sultan Tawfiq for debt repayment.

Details Sultan Tawfiq's reign, including the issuance of Decree 16 and Decree 7, emphasizing the reduction of privileges and military constraints imposed by foreign powers.

Examines the committees established to monitor Egypt's finances, the impact of European influence, and the restrictions imposed on Egypt's sovereignty by foreign powers.

Discusses the power struggle and political maneuvering in Egypt, including the actions of Sultan, interests of England and France, and the removal of officials for constitutional governance.

Highlights the constitutional violations committed by the ruler, Toufic, including the appointment of ministers against the constitution.

Describes the imposition of foreign laws and the appointment of officials to maintain control over Egypt, leading to discontent among the populace.

Explores the financial repercussions of foreign intervention, such as the loss of revenue from the Suez Canal and the impact on Egypt's economy.

Details the formation of an international committee for liquidation, the involvement of European countries, and the consequences for Egyptian assets.

Discusses the law of liquidation and its implications regarding government expenses and properties.

Explains the concept of unifying debts and the proposal to create a debt fund.

Highlights the demands of Helwan Association and its significance in the economic context.

Discusses the Arab revolution, its causes, and the role of military officers.

Explains the political situation in Egypt and the impact of foreign intervention and authoritarian rule.

Addresses the issue of racial discrimination and the regulations affecting promotions in the military.

Details the events surrounding the incident at Qasr al-Nil and its implications on the military leadership.

Discussion about the events in May including military demands and relationship dynamics between different figures like the Khedive and Arabi.

Details about military demands in May, including increasing the army to 18,000 soldiers and the rejection of military orders due to strained relationships.

Arabi's emergence as a leader for all Egyptians, rejection of military orders, and the complex interactions with the Khedive.

Discussions about the proposed formation of a parliament, struggles with military orders, and Arabi's influence on political decisions.

Foreign intervention and pressure to dissolve the parliament, leading to political tensions and power struggles.

Sharif and Arabi differ on the topic of the parliamentary council, discussing whether to focus on the budget or the powers of the House of Representatives.

Arabi's resignation and the appointment of Baroudi as Minister of War, leading to a discussion on the involvement of foreign powers in Egyptian affairs.

The discussion on a conspiracy involving Arabi and the military, leading to resignations and political maneuvers to cater to foreign interests.

The role of England and France in Egyptian politics, highlighted by a conspiracy that resulted in the assassination of Arabi and 40 other officers, revealing a complex web of political influences.

Political maneuvering and power struggles following the conspiracy, with Arabi and Baroudi playing key roles in the changing political landscape of Egypt.

International conferences and diplomatic efforts involving England and France, showcasing the intricate balance of power and interests in Egyptian politics.

Military strategies and defenses implemented in response to foreign attacks, including the defense of key cities like Alexandria and Cairo.

وي بالخيانه العظمى وقال للعلماء والاعيان هل الخديوي مجلس عرفي يديروا بيه البلد لان الخديوي الحاكم الشرعي مش ما بيعملش حاجه

الخديوي عزله من وزاره الحربيه والمصريين بقى الظهير الشعبي سموا

اول مدينه ضربوها ده مديت ايه اسكندريه شبه الحمله تدريجي

المجلس العرفي كان عايز يعطل الملاحه شبه مراد بيك في نهر النيل

الدوار خط دفاع تاني شبه مراد بيك انسحاب

الانجليز مروا من قناه السويس ووصلوا الى التل الكبير في القاهره

معركه التل الكبير واحوال مصر تحت الاحتلال البريطاني

الغاء المراقبه الثنائيه لغات المديريات والمجالس الإداريه

Discussion about Egypt being under the rule of the Ottoman Empire and the authority of Khedive Tawfiq.

Comparison between Sultan's authority and the situation in Syria under Khedive Tawfiq's rule.

Impact of European countries on Egypt, including the abolition of dual monitoring and the Shura Council.

Focus on the English influence on Egypt, especially in agriculture, industry, and trade.

Discussion about England's interest in Egyptian cotton and its impact on the industrial sector.

Effects of the Industrial Revolution on Egypt and the competition with England in industrial and agricultural sectors.

Impact of taxation and trade policies on the Egyptian economy and industries.

Discussion on the decline of the industrial education sector and its implications on Egypt's economy.

Discussion on the collapse of industries and the impact of foreign goods flooding the Egyptian market during the post-occupation period.

Explanation of how foreign entities, particularly English traders, controlled trade in Egypt, leading to the decline of local industries.

Overview of the dangerous English project linking the Egyptian currency to the British pound, impacting Egypt's financial independence.

Critique of the education system focusing on creating employees rather than fostering innovation and independence, resulting in a lack of skill development and a passive generation.

Description of the struggle for independence and governance under the rule of Lord Cromer and subsequent leaders, highlighting the challenges faced by the Egyptian people.

Abbas Helmi got into a conflict with Cromer due to a violation of the basic law. Initially, Abbas Helmi was the prime minister of resistance but later turned disloyal. The altercation arose as Abbas Helmi clashed with Cromer, violating the law. England appointed Riyad, the first time holder, or possibly the second time. Riyad was appointed due to his father's influence, who was the prime minister's son—a demonstration of Abbas Helmi's strong influence and conflicts with Lord Cromer of England.

Abbas Helmi focused on engaging in external political affairs, releasing political prisoners, and involvement in the Arab revolution. He emphasized activities outside the military to counter the control exerted by influential figures like the preacher Abdallah al-Nadim. Abbas Helmi's initiatives led to the establishment of a more active and legitimate legislative council, demanding economic and political reforms such as budget discussions, tax regulations, and debt resolution.

Mustafa Kamil embarked on diplomatic missions to France, acknowledging France as a rival of England. His interactions with French figures like Madame Juliette Adam involved publishing articles against England, showcasing his understanding of international relations and political contradictions. Mustafa Kamil's efforts aimed at fostering unity and independence in Egypt's foreign affairs, learning from past mistakes, and enhancing relations with the ruling authorities.

The Fashoda incident depicted the conflict between England and France, impacting Egyptian and Sudanese territories, historically linked to Egypt's extensive properties in Africa. The incident resulted in a colonial struggle between the two powers, leading to territorial disputes and geopolitical realignments.

The Khedive made a treaty with England in 1899 to share governance of Sudan. This treaty allowed England to participate in Sudan's rule alongside Egypt, defining geographical boundaries.

The bilateral agreement between Egypt and England outlined shared geographical governance, including defined boundaries based on latitude.

The Khedive altered his direction towards Sudan by signing an agreement with England, leading to the establishment of legal boundaries and cooperation between the two nations.

Mustafa Kamel utilized legal methods to raise national awareness post-Fashoda incident, highlighting the need for independence from colonial influences.

Lord Cromer criticized Egypt's ability for self-governance post-Fashoda, impacting Egypt's international support and political landscape.

Discusses the best party in 1907, the National Party, and its stance on expressing opinions and fighting against the English occupation.

Explains how all parties fought against the English but were dissolved due to military reasons, specifically World War I in the second decade of the century.

Ismail started involving parties in the House of Representatives to counter foreign intervention mainly by England and France, leading to the representation of provinces in the council.

Details the significance of the decree of 1878 regarding the Prime Minister position and the necessity for it not to be held by the Khedive but by a minister.

Explains the committees formed in January and March 1878 that were authorized to inspect expenditures and gather information, enabling them to hold individuals accountable.

Discusses the necessity of being a graduate of a military school to advance in ranks, highlighting the appointments of ministers of war and the reshuffling of positions during different periods.

Details the changes in ministerial positions, including the removal and appointments of Prime Ministers and Ministers of War during different periods in history.